5 October 1910 Revolution
On 5 October 1910 a republican uprising in Lisbon overthrew the Portuguese monarchy and proclaimed the First Portuguese Republic.
Overview
The monarchy had been weakened by economic troubles, the British Ultimatum of 1890 over African territory, and the assassination of King Carlos I and his heir in 1908. The Portuguese Republican Party organized a revolt with sympathetic army units and sailors, and fighting broke out in Lisbon on 3 and 4 October. Naval guns shelled the royal palace, and the young King Manuel II fled into exile in Britain. The republic was proclaimed from the balcony of Lisbon City Hall on 5 October. The new government separated church and state and expanded education, but the First Republic was politically unstable and was ended by a military coup in 1926.
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